اصول و روش ترجمه(Meaning based translation)

Chapter 2

Kind of translation

There are two main kinds of translation: one is form-based and the other is meaning based. Form based translation attempts to follow the form. of the source language and are known as literal translations. Meaning based translation makes every effort to communicate the meaning of the source language text in the natural form. In modified literal translation translator modifies the order and grammar to use acceptable sentence structure in the receptor language. But lexical items are translated literally. Literal translations of words, idioms, figures of speech, etc, result in unclear, unnatural, and some times nonsensical translations. Idiomatic translation use the natural. Forms of the receptor language both in the grammatical constructions and in the choice of lexical items. Unduly free translations are not considered acceptable translations for most purposes. Translations are unduly free if they add extraneous information not in the source text, if they change the meaning of the source languages, or if they distort facts of the historical and cultural setting of source language text.Unduly free translations are made for purposes of humor, or to bring about a special response from the receptor language speakers.

Unduly free translations are made for purposes of humor, or to bring about a special response from the receptor language speakers. In English “we” sometimes means “you”. Idiom means string of words whose meaning is different from the meaning conveyed by the individual words like “bullheaded” means “stubborn”. Names of animals used metaphorically in languages. For translation, we must use adjustment. Pig has different metaphoric meaning, in different languages like gready eater, drunk, immoral, stupid person.